流程图
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 {% mermaid %} flowchart TB A["用户确认订单"] --> B["进入支付页面"] B --> C["显示支付信息"] C --> D["选择支付方式"] D -->|"信用支付"| E["调用信用支付接口"] D -->|"比特币支付"| F["调用比特币支付接口"] E --> G["生成支付订单"] F --> G G --> H["用户跳转至支付平台支付页面"] H --> I["用户进行实际支付操作"] I --> J{"查看支付结果"} J -->|"成功"| K["更新订单状态为“已付款”"] K --> L["通知商家发货"] J -->|"失败"| M["更新订单状态为“付款失败”"] M --> N["提示用户付款失败的原因"] J -->|"其他"| O["检查付款状态"] O -->|"取消"| P["取消订单"] O -->|"付款中"| Q["仍在等待"] Q --> J {% endmermaid %}
flowchart TB
A["用户确认订单"] --> B["进入支付页面"]
B --> C["显示支付信息"]
C --> D["选择支付方式"]
D -->|"信用支付"| E["调用信用支付接口"]
D -->|"比特币支付"| F["调用比特币支付接口"]
E --> G["生成支付订单"]
F --> G
G --> H["用户跳转至支付平台支付页面"]
H --> I["用户进行实际支付操作"]
I --> J{"查看支付结果"}
J -->|"成功"| K["更新订单状态为“已付款”"]
K --> L["通知商家发货"]
J -->|"失败"| M["更新订单状态为“付款失败”"]
M --> N["提示用户付款失败的原因"]
J -->|"其他"| O["检查付款状态"]
O -->|"取消"| P["取消订单"]
O -->|"付款中"| Q["仍在等待"]
Q --> J
公式
inline: F \ce{F} F
math: y ˉ \bar{y} y ˉ
block: a + b \ce{a + b} a + b
block1:
a + b a+b
a + b
数学符号
公式
数学符号
公式
a ′ a' a ′
a'
a ~ \tilde{a} a ~
\tilde{a}
d.
单体:氧杂环丁烷
结构表示:
C H 2 − C H 2 ∣ ∣ C H 2 − O \begin{matrix}
\mathrm{CH_2} & - & \mathrm{CH_2} \\
\vert & & \vert \\
\mathrm{CH_2} & - & \mathrm{O}
\end{matrix}
C H 2 ∣ C H 2 − − C H 2 ∣ O
聚合反应(开环聚合):
n ( 氧杂环丁烷 ) → [ − C H 2 − C H 2 − C H 2 − O − ] n n\,(\text{氧杂环丁烷})
\;\rightarrow\;
\left[-\mathrm{CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-O-}\right]_n
n ( 氧杂环丁烷 ) → [ − C H 2 − C H 2 − C H 2 − O − ] n
聚合物:聚氧杂环丁烷(聚醚)
1. 计算物质的量 n i n_i n i
n i = m i M i n_i = \frac{m_i}{M_i}
n i = M i m i
n A = 10 30000 = 3.33 × 1 0 − 4 n_A = \frac{10}{30000} = 3.33\times10^{-4}
n A = 30000 10 = 3.33 × 1 0 − 4
n B = 5 70000 = 7.14 × 1 0 − 5 n_B = \frac{5}{70000} = 7.14\times10^{-5}
n B = 70000 5 = 7.14 × 1 0 − 5
n C = 1 100000 = 1.00 × 1 0 − 5 n_C = \frac{1}{100000} = 1.00\times10^{-5}
n C = 100000 1 = 1.00 × 1 0 − 5
∑ n i = 4.14 × 1 0 − 4 \sum n_i = 4.14\times10^{-4}
∑ n i = 4.14 × 1 0 − 4
2. 数均分子量 M n M_n M n
M n = ∑ m i ∑ n i M_n = \frac{\sum m_i}{\sum n_i}
M n = ∑ n i ∑ m i
M n = 10 + 5 + 1 4.14 × 1 0 − 4 = 16 4.14 × 1 0 − 4 ≈ 3.86 × 1 0 4 M_n = \frac{10+5+1}{4.14\times10^{-4}}
= \frac{16}{4.14\times10^{-4}}
\approx 3.86\times10^{4}
M n = 4.14 × 1 0 − 4 10 + 5 + 1 = 4.14 × 1 0 − 4 16 ≈ 3.86 × 1 0 4
3. 重均分子量 M w M_w M w
M w = ∑ m i M i ∑ m i M_w = \frac{\sum m_i M_i}{\sum m_i}
M w = ∑ m i ∑ m i M i
∑ m i M i = 10 × 30000 + 5 × 70000 + 1 × 100000 = 300000 + 350000 + 100000 = 750000 \sum m_i M_i = 10\times30000 + 5\times70000 + 1\times100000
= 300000 + 350000 + 100000 = 750000
∑ m i M i = 10 × 30000 + 5 × 70000 + 1 × 100000 = 300000 + 350000 + 100000 = 750000
M w = 750000 16 ≈ 4.69 × 1 0 4 M_w = \frac{750000}{16} \approx 4.69\times10^{4}
M w = 16 750000 ≈ 4.69 × 1 0 4
4. 分子量分布指数
M w M n = 4.69 × 1 0 4 3.86 × 1 0 4 ≈ 1.22 \frac{M_w}{M_n} = \frac{4.69\times10^{4}}{3.86\times10^{4}} \approx 1.22
M n M w = 3.86 × 1 0 4 4.69 × 1 0 4 ≈ 1.22
5. 最终答案
M n ≈ 3.86 × 1 0 4 M_n \approx 3.86\times10^{4}
M n ≈ 3.86 × 1 0 4
M w ≈ 4.69 × 1 0 4 M_w \approx 4.69\times10^{4}
M w ≈ 4.69 × 1 0 4
M w M n ≈ 1.22 \frac{M_w}{M_n} \approx 1.22
M n M w ≈ 1.22
1
M 0 = 90 + 146 − 2 × 18 = 200 , X n = 5000 200 = 25 M_0=90+146-2\times18=200,\quad X_n=\frac{5000}{200}=25
M 0 = 90 + 146 − 2 × 18 = 200 , X n = 200 5000 = 25
X n = 1 1 − p X_n=\frac{1}{1-p}
X n = 1 − p 1
p = 1 − 1 25 = 0.96 p=1-\frac{1}{25}=0.96
p = 1 − 25 1 = 0.96
r = 1.99 2 = 0.995 r=\frac{1.99}{2}=0.995
r = 2 1.99 = 0.995
X n = 1 + r 1 + r − 2 r p = 1.995 1.995 − 1.9104 ≈ 23.58 X_n=\frac{1+r}{1+r-2rp}=\frac{1.995}{1.995-1.9104}\approx23.58
X n = 1 + r − 2 r p 1 + r = 1.995 − 1.9104 1.995 ≈ 23.58
M n = 23.58 × 200 ≈ 4716 M_n=23.58\times200\approx4716
M n = 23.58 × 200 ≈ 4716
2 ( 0.995 + x ) = 2 2(0.995+x)=2
2 ( 0.995 + x ) = 2
x = 0.005 mol x=0.005\ \text{mol}
x = 0.005 mol
N 0 = 1 + 0.99 + 0.02 = 2.01 N_0=1+0.99+0.02=2.01
N 0 = 1 + 0.99 + 0.02 = 2.01
N = 2.01 25 = 0.0804 N=\frac{2.01}{25}=0.0804
N = 25 2.01 = 0.0804
0.0804 = 2.01 − 2 p 0.0804=2.01-2p
0.0804 = 2.01 − 2 p
p = 0.9648 p=0.9648
p = 0.9648
2
甘油:
f ˉ = 6 2.5 = 2.4 \bar f=\frac{6}{2.5}=2.4
f ˉ = 2.5 6 = 2.4
季戊四醇:
f ˉ = 8 3 \bar f=\frac{8}{3}
f ˉ = 3 8
p c = 2 f ˉ p_c=\frac{2}{\bar f}
p c = f ˉ 2
甘油:
p c = 2 2.4 = 0.833 p_c=\frac{2}{2.4}=0.833
p c = 2.4 2 = 0.833
季戊四醇:
p c = 3 4 = 0.75 p_c=\frac{3}{4}=0.75
p c = 4 3 = 0.75
p c = 1 ( f A − 1 ) ( f B − 1 ) p_c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{(f_A-1)(f_B-1)}}
p c = ( f A − 1 ) ( f B − 1 ) 1
甘油:
p c = 1 2 ≈ 0.707 p_c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\approx0.707
p c = 2 1 ≈ 0.707
季戊四醇:
p c = 1 3 ≈ 0.577 p_c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\approx0.577
p c = 3 1 ≈ 0.577